Análise da gestão dos resíduos de construção civil no Município de NatalRN

Abstract

Civil construction waste (CCW) represents large volumes of urban waste, requiring technological solutions for recycling and extensive areas of temporary disposal on the ground, which are increasingly scarce in large urban centers. The city of Natal-RN does not have areas for conditioning RCC and the existence of irregular disposal points has translated into an environmental management problem for the municipality. The objective of this work is to analyze the management and management of civil construction waste in the city of Natal-RN, in the period 2008 to 2018. The methodology is a quantitative-qualitative approach, where data from the collection of debris by the city and from constructed area, obtained from construction permits, in order to estimate the amount of RCC generated in the city. In the qualitative analysis, a structured interview was carried out with open and closed questions, applied to the managers of the bodies that carry out waste management and environmental management. The SWOT Analysis methodology was used to identify the internal and external positive and negative aspects of management, in order to see what could be improved. According to the data, the RCC generated in Natal-RN are classified into two categories: those from large generators, whose quantities are only estimated during the building licensing process, and debris collected at Eco Points or at disposal points irregular, which are quantified through the collection carried out by the agency that manages the waste. The comparison between debris collection data and estimated RCC generation by licensed works showed that in regions with a greater total builtup area there was also greater debris collection, it can be inferred that regularized works are also depositing their residues inappropriately. The research concluded that municipal management partially meets the main requirements of the national solid waste policy, however, it has failures in inspection and monitoring of the actions of waste generators and collectors, and there are no actions directed to small generators, responsible for a large part of the disposal irregular. The work gave rise to the elaboration of a guide for the management of civil construction waste, whose objective is to contribute to the municipal system. It contains the proposal for three strategies that allow the municipality: to ensure the proper disposal of civil construction waste; expand access to management for small generators; and encourage sustainable practices.